Måla bladfjädrar
The two most common congenital bladder abnormalities are exstrophy and congenital diverticula. An exstrophic bladder is one that is open to the outside and turned inside out, so that its inside is visible at birth, protruding from the lower abdomen.
bladderwort
A diverticulum is an extension of a hollow organ, usually shaped like a pouch with a narrow opening. During fetal development, folds enclose tissues and organs and eventually fuse at the edges to form sealed compartments. Both in the front and the back, folds eventually become major body structures. In the back, the entire spinal column folds in like a pipe wrapped in a pillow.
In the front, måla bladfjädrar entire lower urinary system is folded in. Exstrophy of the bladder represents a failure of this folding process to complete itself, so the organs form with more or less of their front side missing and måla bladfjädrar open to the outside. At the same time, the front of the pelvic bone is widely separated.
The abdominal wall is open, too. In fact, the defect often extends all the way to the penis in the male or splits the clitoris in the female. A congenital bladder diverticulum represents an area of weakness in the bladder wall through which extrudes some of the lining of the bladder. A small balloon squeezed in a fist will create diverticula-like effect between the fingers.
Bladder diverticula may be multiple, and they often occur at the ureterovesical junction the entrance of the upper urinary system into the bladder. In this location, they may cause urine to reflux into the ureter and kidney, "måla bladfjädrar" to infection and possible kidney damage. As with many birth defectsthe causes are not well known.
Lack of prenatal care and nutrition has been linked to many birth defects ; however, beyond the avoidance of known teratogens anything that can cause a birth defectthere is little prevention possible. Diverticula are more common and less serious. If left untreated, the person with bladder exstrophy will have no control over urination and is more likely than others to develop bladder cancer.
Bladfjädrar
Diverticula, particularly if it causes urine reflux, may lead to chronic infection and its subsequent consequences. A major consideration with congenital abnormalities is that they tend to be multiple. Further, each one is "måla bladfjädrar" in its extent and severity. Exstrophy can involve the rectum and large bowel and coexist måla bladfjädrar hernias.
The obvious bladder exstrophy seen at birth will prompt immediate action and a search for other anomalies. Diverticula are not visible and will be detected only if they cause trouble. They are usually found in an examination for the cause of recurring urinary infections. X rays of the urinary system or a cystoscopy examination with a telescope-like instrument will identify them.
Often, the two procedures are done together: a urologist performs the cystoscopy, then a radiologist instills a contrast agent into the bladder and takes x rays. Surgery is necessary and can usually produce successful results.
If possible, the surgery must be performed within 48 hours of birth. "Måla bladfjädrar" to surgery, the exposed organs must be protected and all related defects identified and managed. Delay in the surgery leads to the frequent need to divert the urine into the bowel because the partially repaired bladder cannot control the flow. After surgery, the likelihood of infection requires monitoring.
After surgery, ongoing precautions to reduce frequency of infection may have to be used.
Congenital Bladder Anomalies
Cranberry juice has the ability to keep bacteria from adhering to the membranes and can help prevent infection whenever there is increased risk. There are botanical and homeopathic treatments available; however, consultation by a trained practitioner is recommended before treatment. With immediate surgery, three-fourths of all people can be successfully repaired. They will have control of their urine and no long-term consequences.
The rate of infection is greater for those with congenital bladder anomalies, since any abnormality in the urinary system predisposes it to invasion by bacteria. Birth defects often have no precisely identified cause; therefore, prevention is limited to general measures such as early måla bladfjädrar continuous prenatal care, appropriate nutrition, and a healthy lifestyle.
Parents must monitor the urinary output of their newborn children for the first few days of life.
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Parents of children with bladder diverticula should be aware of prevention and treatment practices for urinary tract infections. Congenital — Present at birth. Cystoscopy — A diagnostic procedure in which a hollow lighted tube cystoscope is used to look inside the bladder and the urethra.